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Common Matters for Usage of Loader Tyres

As an important component of loaders, tyre usage has a close relationship with the performance and working capacity of the loader. Therefore, we must pay attention to the relevant matters regarding the use of loader tyres to avoid tyre damage, which can cause the loader to not function properly.


Loader tyres control the loading capacity and travelling speed


The vehicle must be loaded according to the rated load specified by the loader. Normally, overload within 15% is acceptable. But overloaded work will cause tyre deformation and serious impact on tyre service life. If overloaded usage is necessary due to specific conditions, the tyre cold pressure should be increased accordingly, but long-term usage is not recommended. Loaders mostly use low-pressure wide-base cross-ply tyres whose permissible radial deformation is 3% ~ 4% of the tyre diameter. In actual work, pay attention to the radial deformation of tyres and avoid exceeding this range.


Similarly, travelling speed also has a great impact on tyre life. In practical applications, speed and load have equal significance, and in some cases, speed is even more important. To achieve optimal results, if the vehicle speed is higher than the tyre rated speed, the transport load must be reduced accordingly. If the vehicle speed is lower than the tyre rated speed, the transport load can be increased accordingly. During actual usage of loader tyres, contact, friction, vibration of tyre body with the ground, radial and lateral deformation will increase with higher speed, and the tyre temperature will rise sharply, resulting in tyre burst.


Control loader tyres inflation pressure


Both too high and too low tyre pressures will cause early tyre wear and significantly affect tyre service life. Too low tyre pressure results in excessive tyre deformation under load, increased contact area, uneven wear on the tyre surface, increased shear stress between tyre body cord layers and high friction thermal energy. This causes tyre body delamination and the tyre body sub-bead to burst when encountering obstacles. Too high tyre pressure can result in excessive elongation of tyre body cord, which leads to cord breakage and the tyre body rupture.


Tyre pressure is an important parameter for tyre load capacity, and the pressure specified in the tyre standard is under normal temperature (15-20°C).


Control loader tyres temperature


In the process of loader operation, the load acting on the tyre undergoes periodic changes, causing periodic deformation of the tyre, and also causing tyre and ground contact friction. Thus, the tyre body temperature will constantly increase. The tyre body temperature change is related not only to the vehicle load, travelling speed, road conditions, but also to the operation duration and ambient temperature. In summer, the outdoor temperature is high and the tyre temperature changes are small, causing tyre temperature to easily rise.


The increase in tyre body temperature accelerates rubber aging, which will reduce the tyre's performance. When it approaches or exceeds the tyre's critical temperature, it can easily cause delamination and burst of the tyre body cord layer. The critical temperature of the cross-ply tyre commonly used in engineering machinery is 105°C. Therefore, during summer operation, the tyre temperature should be limited to 100°C to 107°C. If it exceeds 115°C, it can be dangerous and cause a tyre burst. In hot summers, it’s better to work early in the morning or evening and take a break at noon to prevent excessive tyre temperature.


Improving the service life of loader tyres is a comprehensive issue. It requires attention to the above-mentioned matters and also depends on the driver's driving skills. Only then can the loader tyre life be extended.